El objetivo de este ensayo es resaltar los movimientos singulares basados ​​en la investigación de la vida cotidiana y presentar otras formas de “sentir, percibir, imaginar, pensar” en/de/con (el) mundo. Optamos por conversaciones con los autores para resaltar que los movimientos de formación se dan en las redes que componen las diferentes vidas cotidianas, no en el sujeto, ni en el objeto, sino en las relaciones en el devenir.

Este artigo é resultado de um pequeno recorte da investigação em andamento de minha tese de doutorado em Educação na UFRGS. Trata sobre as questões de inclusão, linguagem e subjetividade de cegos. Fundamenta-se na Psicanálise de Freud e Lacan, desenvolvendo os conceitos de narcisismo, o Outro e a pu..

Objetiva compreender elementos constituintes das fotografias como documentos arquivísticos de valor secundário, isso a partir da análise de práticas documentárias e culturais que incidem sobre produção do arquivo no âmbito do programa extensionista ´Entre Comunidades´. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados correspondem à pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e arquivística para atender ao objetivo. Evidencia-se que os valores arquivísticos são elementos constituintes das fotografias como documentos arquivísticos de valor secundário, associando-os às práticas documentárias, de ativação da memória e de mediação cultural. Concluiu-se que a (...) fotografia possui valores culturais, notadamente valor estético ou formal, sendo objeto de mediação cultural. (shrink)

In its first part, this paper deals with some passages of the Eneads in which the notions of consciousness and unconsciousness may be found. In spite of not having terms that correspond exactly to these in Greek, it is clear that Plotinus had very refined notions related to them, going up to indicate that consciousness might not be the epistemological function that defines humans. The multiple aspects of the phyché hyposthesis in Plotinus enables this separation between consciousness and the essence (...) of men. In its second part, this paper describes cosmological elements of the notions of consciousness and unconsciousness in Plotinus, since the celestial bodies are admitted as living beings. This paper indicates, finally, some problems related to astrology in Plotinus concerned with the notion of consciousness of the stars. (shrink)

Este artigo mostra como Oresme orienta o leitor do "Tratado" a pensar a organização da vida política no processo histórico do século XIV a partir do estudo sobre a alteração da moeda. This paper shows how Oresme guides the reader of his "Treatise" to a thought in order to connect the organization of political life in the historical process of the 14th Century based on the study on the change in money.

Recent scientific and technological developments have promoted the emergence of biobanks on a population scale. Although the storage of human biological material has taken place for a long time, it is only recently that biobanks have acquired a broader scientific significance, especially for genomic research. The increase in biobanks creates many ethical dilemmas, such as the protection of privacy, and creates the need for a new regulatory framework, which must enable the sustainable development of biobanks while also protecting the rights (...) of research subjects and biobank participants. (shrink)

This book introduces students to the art and craft of writing proofs, beginning with the basics of writing proofs and logic, and continuing on with more in-depth issues and examples of creating proofs in different parts of mathematics, as well as introducing proofs-of-correctness for algorithms. The creation of proofs is covered for theorems in both discrete and continuous mathematics, and in difficulty ranging from elementary to beginning graduate level. Just beyond the standard introductory courses on calculus, theorems and proofs become (...) central to mathematics. Students often find this emphasis difficult and new. This book is a guide to understanding and creating proofs. It explains the standard "moves" in mathematical proofs: direct computation, expanding definitions, proof by contradiction, proof by induction, as well as choosing notation and strategies. (shrink)

In this paper, we recover the idea cast by Graham Priest to our ears in 2000: That it was possible to experience Ontological Paraconsistency in life. He had, back then, as a translation of his thinking, a painting by Escher: The stairs could be going up or down, and one could not tell where they were going by simply examining the painting. The most obvious argument as to why that was not an instance of Ontological Paraconsistency found in reality was (...) that the perspective from which you would have to stare at the painting to see something different would be different too, so that it was impossible that we were getting up and down at the same time, that is, from the same perspective. That would happen with anything we picked in this world. We recently found something that does not entirely belong to this world, however, something that could finally satisfy the requirements of Priest, and therefore prove to us that there is a place for Ontological Paraconsistency. We observe that the paraconsistent robot, Emmy (Abe et al., 2006), is an application of the Non-ontological Paraconsistency, which we always believed to be passive of existence, but we here talk about another type of paraconsistency, which would be intrinsic to the being. The purpose of this paper is then providing a definite answer to the questions: Is there any real life instance of Ontological Paraconsistency? Is Ontological Paraconsistency a useful concept in terms of logical theories? (shrink)

Tendo em vista que a cognição humana é sistemicamente orientada para configurações que favoreçam uma ordem social de maior adaptabilidade e resistência à degenerescência - orientações essas filosoficamente resumidas na busca pelo certo, harmonioso e justo - podemos inferir que a emergência da justiça social se dá continuamente a partir da desordem informacional, ou seja, da ressignificação simbólica que caracteriza a construção e desconstrução dos signos linguísticos. Dada a compreensão de que os conceitos simbólicos estão em constante elaboração, e sendo (...) a justiça social um conceito inexorável à experiência humana, percebemos que todos os ajustes de significado de justiça social só podem emergir das atualizações impostas por cada uso de cada indivíduo a cada instante que nunca coincidem. Para argumentar a favor dessa hipótese, parte-se de uma constatação que perpassa quase toda a filosofia a respeito de sermos seres que reagem exclusivamente à lógica, à estética e à ética e do reflexo que tal constatação projeta em filósofos da linguagem como Peirce e Davidson, no filósofo da informação Luciano Floridi e em cientistas cognitivos como Deacon e Nicolelis. Sendo assim, a compreensão do que vem a ser justiça social brota de uma semiose da desordem. Não negamos que toda desordem está complexamente interligada a uma ordem – no caso, significado – mas consideramos relevante o fato de tal ordem ser modelada, ininterrupta e caoticamente, por inforgs e níveis de abstração os mais variados possíveis. (shrink)

In this paper, I sketch a Kantian account of duties of rescue, which I take to be compatible with Kant’s theory. I argue that there is in fact no “trumping relation” between imperfect and perfect duties but merely that “latitude shrinks away” in certain circumstances. Against possible demandingness objections, I explain why Kant thought that imperfect duty must allow latitude for choice and argue that we must understand the necessary space for pursuing one’s own happiness as entailed by Kant’s justification (...) of one’s duty to promote other’s happiness. Nevertheless, becoming worthy of happiness has always priority over one’s own happiness, even when circumstances are such that we cannot secure our own happiness without seriously neglecting more pressing needs of other persons. I conclude that Kant’s moral theory calls for complementation by the political and juridical domain. Implementing just political institutions and creating satisfactorily well-ordered societies create an external world which is friendlier to our attempts to reconcile moral integrity and a happy human life. (shrink)

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar reflexões teórico-metodológicas sobre o processo de letramentos bilíngues de estudantes surdos no ensino superior. Tomamos a enunciação verbo-visual como categoria bakhtiniana que direciona as hipóteses de leitura em português pelos estudantes surdos e ocupa centralidade na produção textual sinalizada em língua brasileira de sinais. Da obra do folclorista Câmara Cascudo foram selecionadas lendas brasileiras para análise textual de elementos coesivos que operam nas estratégias de referenciação no texto narrativo em língua brasileira de sinais (...) e na língua portuguesa. Como contribuições teórico-metodológicas, apresentamos a utilização da pedagogia visual e de um roteiro que orienta a leitura com destaque aos elementos intertextuais, paratextuais e textuais na produção dos sentidos do texto. O videorregistro de lendas brasileiras em libras contribui para a ampliação do repertório de gêneros textuais sinalizados, pesquisa e diversificação de léxico regional e composição de acervo de materiais e tecnologias em língua de sinais, para a constituição de uma cultura letrada. Palavras-chave: Letramento acadêmico; Libras; Português como segunda língua; Gêneros textuais; Ensino Superior. Bilingual literacies of deaf students in higher education: a study with Brazilian legends Abstract: The objective of this study is to present theoretical and methodological reflections on the process of bilingual literacies of deaf students in higher education. We understand that the verbovisual enunciation is the Bakhtinian category that mobilizes the hypotheses of reading in Portuguese by deaf students and occupies the centrality in the Brazilian sign language textual production. We selected Brazilian legends of the work of the folklorist Câmara Cascudo, for textual analysis of cohesive elements that influence the referencing strategies in the narrative text in Brazilian sign language and in the Portuguese. As theoretical-methodological contributions, we present the use of visual pedagogy and a script that guides reading, with emphasis on intertextual, paratextual and textual elements in the production of the meanings of the text. The recording of the Brazilian sign language in video of Brazilian legends contributes to the expansion of the repertoire of textual genres signaled in the Brazilian sign language, research and diversification of the regional lexicon and the composition of materials and technologies in sign language for the constitution of a literate culture. Key-words: Academic literacy; Brazilian sign language; Portuguese as a second language; Textual genres; Higher education. Letramentos bilingües de estudiantes sordos en la educación superior: un estudio con leyendas brasileñas Résumen : El objetivo de este estudio es presentar reflexiones teóricas y metodológicas sobre el proceso de letramento bilingüe de estudiantes sordos en la educación superior. Entendemos que la enunciación verbovisual es la categoría bakhtiniana que influye en las hipótesis de lectura en portugués de los estudiantes sordos y ocupa la centralidad en la producción textual señalada en lengua de señas brasileña. Seleccionamos leyendas brasileñas de la obra de la folclorista Câmara Cascudo, para el análisis textual de elementos cohesivos que influyen en las estrategias de referenciación en el texto narrativo en lengua de señas brasileña y en portugués. Como aportes teóricos y metodológicos, se presenta el uso de la pedagogía visual y un guión que orienta la lectura con énfasis en elementos intertextuales, paratextuales y textuales en la producción de los sentidos del texto. La producción de leyendas brasileñas en lengua de señas videograbada contribuye a la expansión del repertorio de géneros textuales señalados en la lengua de señas brasileña, la investigación y diversificación del léxico regional y la composición de materiales y tecnologías en lengua de signos para la constitución de una cultura letrada. Palabras clave: Letramento académico ; Libras ; Portugués como segunda lengua ; Géneros textuales ; Enseñanza superior. Data de registro: 15/04/2021 Data de aceite: 01/12/2021. (shrink)

Segundo o neurocientista Miguel Nicolelis (2020), responsável por exoesqueletos movidos a partir de comandos mentais, os processos de desinformação fazem parte da cognição social. A delegação do processamento de conteúdos mentais a outras cognições ou redes cognitivas consideradas mecanismos confiáveis de produção de crença e a atração da espécie humana por informações simbólicas, que só existem entre cérebros com linguagem, são compulsões intrínsecas ao sistema informacional complexo que nos origina e, por suas teleodinâmicas, sempre oferecem brechas para articulações informacionais incoerentes (...) e até mesmo prejudiciais. Frente a tal constatação, interessa-nos focar na elaboração de narrativas que, por conhecerem a origem cognitiva da desinformação, melhor possam interromper e rearranjar tais processos de falsificação. Há interesse em investir nessa compreensão pois, por sua cientificidade e atualidade, ela pode alavancar esforços no combate à desinformação, dar subsídios para a desarticulação de mecanismos tidos como confiáveis e evidenciar características da cognição enquanto processo social que inclui a divisão de tarefas cognitivas e a corresponsabilidade. É objetivo desta pesquisa analisar as citadas compulsões e embasar intervenções compromissadas com interesse social. A filosofia da informação como nos apresentam Floridi (2011) e Deacon (2012), oferece um panorama teórico afinado aos objetivos visados. Nesse viés, indivíduos são subsistemas especializados na modelagem linguística (racional, semiótica) de conteúdos mentais, originados na percepção e na aprendizagem, a fim de torná-los acessíveis e úteis ao sistema a que pertencemos. (shrink)

Nonetheless, psychoanalytic feminist theory can offer a new interpretive strategy for deconstructing her equally famous opposition between the social and the ...

This article intends to follow the path of building the notion of object in relation to the démarche Lacanian, as well as locate elements of rapprochement with Winnicott's transitional object. For accomplish our purpose, we begin with the object definition as proposed by Freud - (1) as the correlate of drive; (2) as the correlate of love and (3) in relation to the subject - and indicates the Lacanian option of emphasize the dimension of language in a reading that focuses (...) on Freud's theory and technique as a whole. In this context, Winnicott arises as an author that, proposing the concept of transitional object, allows Lacan's presentation of the distinction between the symbolic and imaginary records in relation to concepts of desire, demand and need while enabling the construction of a proper concept of object. One can consider that, in his formulations, Lacan does criticize the post-freudians for producing a deviation of the technique and doctrine of Freud in disregarding the subject's speech, favoring a practice of interpreting resistance. Winnicott is then greeted as a distinguished author, a post-Freudian psychoanalyst post that doesn't deviates from freudian's precepts and takes the clinic as its main support. The theoretical relations of approximation and distanciation between Lacan and Winnicott, allow us, in the body of this article, to problematize the bound between the concepts of object a and transitional object. (shrink)

O presente artigo visa discutir a ausência de vergonha na melancolia e a satisfação dos pacientes em comunicar o desprezo por si mesmo, tal como descritos por Freud em 1917. Para tanto, segue a argumentação do ensaio Luto e Melancolia e indica os aportes conceituais necessários para a apresentação da melancolia como uma neurose narcísica, distinta da vivência de luto. Considerando que a vergonha é um afeto que se coloca na fronteira entre psíquico e social, busca refletir sobre as implicações (...) clínicas de sua ausência na melancolia. (shrink)

Molecular Revolution in BrazilFélix Guattari and Suely Rolniktranslated by KarelClapshow and Brian HolmesYes, I believe that there is a multiple people, a people of mutants, apeople of potentialities that appears and disappears, that is embodied in social, literary, andmusical events.... I think that we're in a period of productivity, proliferation, creation, utterlyfabulous revolutions from the viewpoint of this emergence of a people. That's molecular revolution:it isn't a slogan or a program, it's something that I feel, that I live....--from MolecularRevolution in (...) BrazilFollowing Brazil's first democratic election after two decades of militarydictatorship, French philosopher Félix Guattari traveled through Brazil in 1982 with Brazilianpsychoanalyst Suely Rolnik and discovered an exciting, new political vitality. In the infancy of itsnew republic, Brazil was moving against traditional hierarchies of control and totalitarian regimesand founding a revolution of ideas and politics. Molecular Revolution in Brazil documents theconversations, discussions, and debates that arose during the trip, including a dialogue betweenGuattari and Brazil's future President Luis Ignacia Lula da Silva, then a young gubernatorialcandidate. Through these exchanges, Guattari cuts through to the shadowy practices of globalizationgone awry and boldly charts a revolution in practice.Assembled and edited by Rolnik, MolecularRevolution in Brazil is organized thematically; aphoristic at times, it presents a lesser-known,more overtly political aspect of Guattari's work. Originally published in Brazil in 1986 asMicropolitica: Cartografias do desejo, the book became a crucial reference for political movementsin Brazil in the 1980s and 1990s. It now provides English-speaking readers with an invaluablepicture of the radical thought and optimism that lies at the root of Lula's Brazil. Félix Guattari, post-'68 French psychoanalyst and philosopher, is the author of Anti-Oedipus, The Anti-Oedipus Papers, 2006), and other books. Semiotext haspublished the first two volumes of his complete essays, Chaosophy and Soft Subversions, and will publish the final volume, Chaos and Complexity, in 2008. Suely Rolnik is apsychoanalyst, cultural critic, and curator who lives and works in São Paulo, Brazil. She was aclose collaborator of Guattari during her exile in Paris from the military dictatorship inBrazil. (shrink)

The work of the Brazilian artist Lygia Clark occupies a singular position in the movement of institutional critique that began in the 1960s and 70s. The center of her research consists in a mobilization of the two capacities of perception and sensation that alllow us to grasp the otherness of the world, respectively as a map of forms on which we project representations or as a diagram of forces that affect the senses in their capacity for resonance. In 1976, with (...) the Structuring of the Self, she abandoned the field of art and opted for therapy. The forms of critique that she brought into play over the following decade only found a resonance among the generation that began to assert itself in the mid-1990s. Noting this resonance, Suely Rolnik decided to develop a project for the reactivation of memory around the work of Lygia Clark. The idea was to use filmed interviews to produce a living recording of the effects of the body constituted by Lygia during her exile from art, in her cultural and political environment in Brazil and in France. With the exhibition, the pulsation of this body had a chance of contaminating the territory of art. (shrink)

Bien común y ciudadanía en una era emotivista: la política identitaria como vector de crisis y renovación del debate público Este artículo analiza los conceptos de ciudadanía y bien común, considerando la crisis del debate público provocada, entre otras causas, por una distorsión de las políticas identitarias, en el contexto del emotivismo moral moderno. Para ello, este trabajo adopta la metodología de la revisión bibliográfica para desarrollar un análisis teórico de conceptos centrales de la filosofía práctica contemporánea, abarcando diversas referencias, (...) como MacIntyre, Lilla, Taylor, Finnis, Sandel y Kymlicka. Tras presentar el diagnóstico de MacIntyre sobre el ethos emotivista moderno como factor de insolubilidad de las controversias morales y la crítica de Lilla a la despolitización causada por el atomismo de las políticas identitarias, se estudian las condiciones para la rehabilitación teórica de los conceptos de ciudadanía y bien común, a partir de una ética aristotélica y comunitaria relativa a la razón práctica, en virtud de la cual la amistad cívica es relevante para equilibrar las diferencias dentro de una unidad política mayor. La conclusión es que las políticas de identidad pueden salvaguardarse si se ponderan con el concepto de bien común, para así superar las contradicciones emotivistas del debate público. (shrink)

In this paper, I analyze the least discussed of Kant’s four examples of duty in the first section of his Groundwork to the Metaphysics of Morals: the gout sufferer who is no longer motivated by natural interest in his long-term wellbeing, and is thus in a unique position to secure his own happiness from duty. This example has long been wrongly interpreted as a failure of prudential rationality, as recently illustrated by Allen Wood’s reading of that example. -/- I argue (...) that the gout sufferer example is meant to illustrate a violation of a duty to the self and should not be confused with mere prudential failure. The example also helps us understand the line between prudential reason and duties to the self. I show that given Kant’s conception of happiness as an indeterminate concept and his hedonistic account of non-moral ends, it can sometimes be more rational from the perspective of empirical practical reason to choose short term over long-term wellbeing when long term wellbeing seems uncertain in regard to expected pleasure. In other words: Kant’s account of empirical practical reason does not rule out as irrational choosing short term pleasure at the expense of long-term wellbeing. However, this is precisely why the gout sufferer’s long-term happiness can be directly morally required and so becomes the content of a duty to the self. To explain how there can be a direct duty to promote our own happiness under certain circumstances I also elucidate Kant’s distinction between direct and indirect duties. (shrink)

ResumoO presente artigo se propõe a relacionar as considerações de cunho psicanalítico e estético de Freud com a complementação de outros autores, levando-nos a capturar aspectos sobre a complexidade das reações humanas diante das representações artísticas. É por meio da complementação conceitual psicanalítica, estética e filosófica que realçaremos as determinações da capacidade de representação, assim como suas diferenciações; além disso, tentaremos descrever as dependências humanas e associar a aspectos artísticos e ver como este processo está ligado à satisfação. Uma possível (...) padronização da forma com que lidamos com nossa realidade, nos levando ao passo da criação e da utilização de objetos artísticos, como uma forma histórica de como a humanidade tem se satisfeito diante de seu cotidiano amparada à arte. (shrink)

O presente artigo se propõe a relacionar as considerações de cunho psicanalítico e estético de Freud com a complementação de outros autores, levando-nos a capturar aspectos sobre a complexidade das reações humanas diante das representações artísticas. É por meio da complementação conceitual psicanalítica, estética e filosófica que realçaremos as determinações da capacidade de representação, assim como suas diferenciações; além disso, tentaremos descrever as dependências humanas e associar a aspectos artísticos e ver como este processo está ligado à satisfação. Uma possível (...) padronização da forma com que lidamos com nossa realidade, nos levando ao passo da criação e da utilização de objetos artísticos, como uma forma histórica de como a humanidade tem se satisfeito diante de seu cotidiano amparada à arte. (shrink)

On March 8, 1987, the Sandinista Liberation Front published its statement on the relation of women's struggles to the Nicaraguan revolution. The author argues that this official statement is consistent with the views of modern feminists on some key points relating to the need to eliminate women's double day, promote women's self-organization, and wage an ideological struggle against sexism if women's subordination is to be eliminated. The author believes that the Sandinista Front's emphasis on ideological struggle and political organization represents (...) an important break with more economistic, orthodox Marxist approaches to analyzing the condition of women and has important implications for Marxist feminism. (shrink)

The Triple Helix is a global model originating in developed economies but less developed countries have also made attempts to implement it into their national contexts. Meanwhile, the national context can be characterised by means-ends decoupling at the state level which implies that policies and practices of the state are disconnected from its core goal of creating public welfare. It refers to the oligarchic economies in which the state is captured by exploitative, rent-seeking oligarchies in business and politics. Ukraine is (...) an example of such a country. Thus, the research question is: how did means-ends decoupling at the state level affect the implementation of the Triple Helix model in Ukraine? To answer this question, we employed both rational choice institutionalism and sociological institutionalism. The data emanate from interviews with the senior managers of four universities and science parks established within them. The findings reveal that means-ends decoupling at the state level, caused by the rent-seeking behaviour of business and political oligarchies, led to the implementation of the Triple Helix model in Ukraine also reflecting a case of means-ends decoupling. The greater the institutional complexity experienced by the science park and the more the senior managers of the university and the science park maintain a logic of confidence in practices that deviate from the Triple Helix model, the greater rent-seeking and means-ends decoupling at the organisational level. Both rent-seeking and means-ends decoupling were found to not only hinder economic growth but also result in a diversion of human intellectual capital. (shrink)

Studies the social science of moral inquiry as an attempt to develop a psychology and sociology that would explain the complex in terms of the simple as the new physics was doing in the natural realm.

While discussions of dissolving the hyphen between Marxism and feminism were put on the back burner in the United States and England in the 1980s, the author argues that changes in Latin America during the same decade favor a possible convergence of contemporary Marxist and feminist theory and practice. These conditions include the emergence of a second-wave feminist movement in many Latin America countries, the central role of women in contemporary social movements, and an internal critique within Latin American Marxism. (...) Key issues pointing toward a convergence of thinking include a reevaluation and redefinition of democracy, the concept of “a plurality of social subjects” or potential revolutionary actors, the importance of autonomy for popular movements in relation to political parties and the state, and a new understanding of the importance of daily life in the struggle for socialism. (shrink)

In this paper, we discuss the prevailing view amongst philosophers and many mathematicians concerning mathematical proof. Following Cellucci, we call the prevailing view the “axiomatic conception” of proof. The conception includes the ideas that: a proof is finite, it proceeds from axioms and it is the final word on the matter of the conclusion. This received view can be traced back to Frege, Hilbert and Gentzen, amongst others, and is prevalent in both mathematical text books and logic text books.

Background: Pediatrics ethics education should enhance medical students' skills to deal with ethical problems that may arise in the different settings of care. This study aimed to analyze the ethical problems experienced by physicians who have medical education and pediatric care responsibilities, and if those problems are associated to their workplace, medical specialty and area of clinical practice. Methods: A self-applied semi-structured questionnaire was answered by 88 physicians with teaching and pediatric care responsibilities. Content analysis was performed to analyze the (...) qualitative data. Poisson regression was used to explore the association of the categories of ethical problems reported with workplace and professional specialty and activity. Results: 210 ethical problems were reported, grouped into five areas: physician-patient relationship, end-of-life care, health professional conducts, socioeconomic issues and health policies, and pediatric teaching. Doctors who worked in hospitals as well as general and subspecialist pediatricians reported fewer ethical problems related to socioeconomic issues and health policies than those who worked in Basic Health Units and who were family doctors. Conclusions: Some ethical problems are specific to certain settings: those related to end-of-life care are more frequent in the hospital settings and those associated with socioeconomic issues and public health policies are more frequent in Basic Health Units. Other problems are present in all the setting of pediatric care and learning and include ethical problems related to physician-patient relationship, health professional conducts and the pediatric education process. These findings should be taken into consideration when planning the teaching of ethics in pediatrics.Trial registrationThis research article didn't reports the results of a controlled health care intervention. The study project was approved by the Institutional Ethical Review Committee (Report CEP-HIJG 032/2008). (shrink)